The Return of the Ethnic? Multiculturalism from an Ethnic Minority Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2298/FID1702377RKeywords:
multiculturalism, ethnicity, youth, ethnic minorities, Vojvodina, HungariansAbstract
This article discusses theories of multiculturalism and ethnicity in light of the ethnic identification of minority youth. Namely, even though the primordialism vs. constructivism debate has led to an agreement about seeing ethnic identities as situational and strategic, often for members of ethnic minorities, including young people living in multiethnic environments, ethnic identities seem stable and salient. Relying on the case study of young Hungarian people in Serbia, the article argues that it is the minority status and the institutional setup building on ethnic divisions as the main social frame that make ethnic identities marked. Therefore I connect the case of Vojvodina Hungarian youth to more general debates on the multiethnicy, ethnic belonging and minority status.
Keywords: multiculturalism, ethnicity, youth, ethnic minorities, Vojvodina, Hungarians
References
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Lyman, Stanford M. and William A. Douglass (1973), “Ethnicity: Strategies of Collective and Individual Impression Management”, Social Research 40 (2): 344–65.
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Meer, Nasar and Tariq Modood (2012), “How Does Interculturalism Contrast with Multiculturalism?”, Journal of Intercultural Studies 33: 175–96.
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Papp, Richárd (2007), “A délvidéki magyarok nemzettudatának aktuális állapota kulturális antropológiai szemmel”, in Papp, Richárd (ed.), Délvidék/Vajdaság. Társadalomtudományi tanulmányok, Zenta: Vajdasági Magyar Művelődési Intézet, pp. 234–286.
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Stanovništvo prema nacionalnoj pripadnosti i polu, po opštinama i gradovima”, (internet) available at: http://popis2011.stat.rs/?page_id=2162 (viewed 14 May, 2017).
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Ule, Mirjana (2012), “Reconstruction of Youth in Post-Socialism: Expectations and Dilemmas”, in Leccardi, Carmen, Carles Feixa, Siyka Kovacheva, Herwig Reiter and Tatjana Sekulić (eds.), 1989 -- Young People and Social Change After the Fall of the Berlin Wall, Strasbourg: Council of Europe, pp. 29–44.
Wodak, Ruth, Rudolf de Cilia, Martin Reisigl and Karin Liebhart (ed.) (2009), The Discursive Construction of National Identity, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Badis, Róbert (2008), “A vajdasági magyarság identitásstratégiái”, in Papp, Richárd and László Szarka (eds.), Bennünk élő múltjaink. Történelmi tudat -- kulturális emlékezet, Zenta: Vajdasági Magyar Művelődési Intézet, pp. 319–327.
Bakhtin, Mikhail (1981), The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays, Austin: University of Texas Press.
Barth, Fredrick (1969), Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: The Social Organization of Culture Difference, Boston: Little, Brown.
Bašić, Goran (2006), “Evropske integracije i politika multikulturalnosti u Srbiji”, Filozofija i društvo 1: 1–113.
Bauman, Zygmunt (2011), Community: Seeking Safety in an Insecure World, Cambridge: Polity Press.
Bennett, Andy and Keith Kahn Harris (eds.) (2004), After Subculture: Critical Studies in Contemporary Youth Culture, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Benhabib, Seyla (ed.) (1996), Democracy and Difference: Contesting the Boundaries of the Political, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Besch, Thomas M (2010), “Diversity and the Limits of Liberal Toleration”, in Ivision, Duncan (ed.), The Ashgate Research Companion to Multiculturalism), Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 75–94.
Blum, Lawrence (1996), “Multiculturalism, Racial Justice, and Community: Reflections on Charles Taylor’s ‘Politics of Recognition”, in Foster, Lawrence and Patricia Herzog (eds.), Contemporary Philosophical Perspectives on Pluralism and Multiculturalism, Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, pp. 175–205.
Bourdieu, Pierre and Loїc Wacquant (1992), An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology, Cambridge: Polity Press.
Brake, Mike (1980) The Sociology of Youth Culture and Youth Subcultures: Sex and Drugs and Rock’n’roll?, London: Routledge.
Brubaker, Rogers (2004), Ethnicity without Groups, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Brubaker, Rogers, Margit Feischmidt, Jon Fox and Liana Garcea (2006), Nationalist Politics and Everyday Ethnicity in a Transylvanian Town, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Cantle, Ted (2014), “National Identity, Plurality and Interculturalism”, The Political Quaterly 85 (3): 312–19.
Deluze, Gilles (1994), Difference and Repetition, Athlone: Columbia University Press.
Derrida, Jacques (1992), The Other Heading: Reflections on Today’s Europe, Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
Đurić, Vladimir, Darko Tanasković, Dragan Vukmirović and Petar Lađević (2014), “Nacionalna pripadnost. Uvodne u metodološke napomene”, in Đurić, Vladimir, Darko Tanasković, Dragan Vukmirović and Petar Lađević (eds.), Popis stanovništva, domaćinstva i stanova 2011. u Republici Srbiji: Etnokonfesionalni i jezički mozaik Srbije, Beograd: Republički zavod za statistiku, pp. by 94–148.
Eriksen, Thomas Hylland (1991) “The Cultural Context of Ethnic Differences”, Man 26 (1): 127–44.
Feischmidt, Margit (1997), “Multikulturalizmus. Kultúra, identitás és politika új diskurzusa”, in Feischmidt, Margit (ed.), Multikulturalizmus, Budapest: Ozirisz Kiadó, pp. 6–28.
Gábrity Molnár, Irén (2007), “Kisebbség- és oktatáskutatások”, in Papp, Richárd (ed.), Délvidék/Vajdaság: Társadalomtudományi tanulmányok, Zenta: Vajdasági Magyar Művelődési Intézet, pp. 122–149.
Geertz, Clifford (1973), The Interpretation of Cultures, New York: Basic Books.
Geertz, Clifford (1993) “‘Ethnic Conflict’: Three Alternative Terms”, Common Knowledge 2 (3): 54–65.
Gellner, Ernest (1983), Nations and Nationalism, Oxford: Blackwell.
Goffman, Erving (1959), The Presentation of Everyday Life, New York: Anchor Books.
Goffman, Erving (1963), Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, New York: Simon & Schuster.
Goldberg, David Theo (1994), “Introduction: Multicultural Conditions”, in Goldberg, David Theo (ed.), Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader, Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 1–41.
Ghorayshi, Parvin (2010), “Diversity and Interculturalism: Learning from Winnipeg’s Inner City“, Canadian Journal of Urban Research 19: 89–104.
Hall, Stuart and Tony Jefferson (eds.) (1975), Resistance Through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain, London: Routledge.
Hasan, Rumy (2010), Multiculturalism: Some Inconvenient Truths, London: Plotico’s.
Hobsbawm, Eric J. and David J. Kertzer (1992), “Ethnicity and Nationalism in Europe Today”, Anthropology Today 8 (1): 3–8.
Hódi, Sándor (2003), Nemzeti önkép, Tóthfalu: Logos Grafikai Műhely.
Ilić, Marija (2014), Discourse and Ethnic Identity: The Case of Serbs from Hungary, Berlin: Verlag Otto Sagner.
Ivision, Duncan (2010), “Introduction: Multiculturalism as a Public Ideal”, in Ivision, Duncan (ed.), The Ashgate Research Companion to Multiculturalism, Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 1–18.
Jenkins, Richard (1997), Rethinking Ethnicity: Arguments and Explorations, London: Sage.
Komšić, Jovan (2003), Osnovne linije partijskih podela, Beograd: Fridrich Ebert Schtiftung.
Kostović, Svetlana, Jelena Đermanov and Tamara Borovica (2010), “Izazovi interkulturalnosti i neformalno obrazovanje”, in Subotić, Ljiljana and Ivana Živančević-Sekeruš (eds.), Susret kultura, Novi Sad: Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, pp. 185–92.
Kymlicka, Will (1995), Multicultural Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kymlicka, Will (2007), Multicultural Odysseys: Navigating the New International Politics of Diversity, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Levey, Geoffrey Brahm (2010), “Liberal Multiculturalism”, in Ivision, Duncan (ed.), The Ashgate Research Companion to Multiculturalism, Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 19–37.
Lyman, Stanford M. and William A. Douglass (1973), “Ethnicity: Strategies of Collective and Individual Impression Management”, Social Research 40 (2): 344–65.
Maclure, Jocelyn (2010) “Multiculturalism and Political Morality”, in Ivision, Duncan (ed.), The Ashgate Research Companion to Multiculturalism, Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 39–56.
McLaren, Peter (1995), “White Terror and Oppositional Agency: Towards A Critical Multiculturalism”, in Sleeter, Christine and Peter McLaren (eds.), Multicultural Education, Critical Pedagogy and the Politics of Difference, Albany: State University of New York, pp. 33–70.
Meer, Nasar and Tariq Modood (2012), “How Does Interculturalism Contrast with Multiculturalism?”, Journal of Intercultural Studies 33: 175–96.
Milenković, Miloš (2008), “Problemi konstitucionalizacije multikulturalizma. Pogled iz antropologije”, Etnoantropološki problemi 3 (2): 45-57.
Modood, Tariq (2014), “Multiculturalism, Interculturalisms and the Majority”, Journal of Moral Education 43 (3): 302–15.
Papp, Richárd (2007), “A délvidéki magyarok nemzettudatának aktuális állapota kulturális antropológiai szemmel”, in Papp, Richárd (ed.), Délvidék/Vajdaság. Társadalomtudományi tanulmányok, Zenta: Vajdasági Magyar Művelődési Intézet, pp. 234–286.
Patton, Paul (2010), “Multiculturalism and Political Ontology”, in Ivision, Duncan (ed.), The Ashgate Research Companion to Multiculturalism, Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 57–73.
Petrunic, Ana-Marija. 2005. “No Man’s Land: The Intersection of Balkan Space and Identity.” History of Intellectual Culture 5 (1): 1–10.
Prelić, Mladena (2009), “Istraživanje etničkih manjina. Lična iskustva i dileme”, Antropogija, 9: 41-54.
Putinja, Filip [Poutignat, Philippe] and Žoslin Stref-Fenar [JocelyneStreiff-Fenart] (1997), Teorije o etnicitetu, Beograd: Biblioteka XX vek.
Radivojević, Radoš and Tijana Vučević (2008), „Međuetnički odnosi u školama Vojvodine“, Sociološki godišnjak 3: 207-229.
Sarmento, Clara (2014), “Interculturalism, Multiculturalism, and Intercultural Studies: Questioning Definitions and Repositioning Strategies”, Intercultural Pragmatics 11 (4): 603–18.
Smith, Anthony (1983), Theories of Nationalism, London: Holems and Meier.
Smith, Anthony (1991), National Identity, Reno: University of Nevada Press.
Smith, Anthony (1993), “A Europe of Nations – or the Nation of Europe?”, Journal of Peace Research 30 (2): 129–35.
Smith, Anthony (2004), “History and National Destiny. Responses and Clarifications”, Nations and Nationalism 10 (1-2): 195–209.
Stanovništvo prema nacionalnoj pripadnosti i polu, po opštinama i gradovima”, (internet) available at: http://popis2011.stat.rs/?page_id=2162 (viewed 14 May, 2017).
Taylor, Charles (1992), Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
T. Mirnics, Zsuzsanna (2001), “Hazától hazáig. A Vajdaságban és Magyarországon tanuló vajdasági magyar egyetemi hallgatók életkilátásai és migrációs szándékai,” in Gábrityné Molnár, Irén and Zsuzsa Mirnics (eds.), Fészekhagyó vajdaságiak. Tanulmányok, kutatások, statisztikák, Szabadka: MTT, pp. 163–204.
Tomanović, Smiljka (2012), “Young People in Serbia: A Review of Two Decades”, in Leccardi, Carmen, Carles Feixa, Siyka Kovacheva, Herwig Reiter and Tatjana Sekulić (eds.), 1989 -- Young People and Social Change After the Fall of the Berlin Wall, Strasbourg: Council of Europe, pp. 143–158.
Tomanović, Smiljka and Dragan Stanojević (2015), Mladi u Srbiji 2015. Stanja, opažanja, verovanja i nadanja. Beograd: Fridrich Ebert Schtiftung.
Tully, James (1995), Strange Multiplicity: Constitutionalism in the Age of Diversity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ule, Mirjana (2012), “Reconstruction of Youth in Post-Socialism: Expectations and Dilemmas”, in Leccardi, Carmen, Carles Feixa, Siyka Kovacheva, Herwig Reiter and Tatjana Sekulić (eds.), 1989 -- Young People and Social Change After the Fall of the Berlin Wall, Strasbourg: Council of Europe, pp. 29–44.
Wodak, Ruth, Rudolf de Cilia, Martin Reisigl and Karin Liebhart (ed.) (2009), The Discursive Construction of National Identity, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
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01.07.2017
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Rácz, K. (2017) “The Return of the Ethnic? Multiculturalism from an Ethnic Minority Perspective”, Filozofija i društvo/Philosophy and Society. Belgrade, Serbia, 28(2), pp. 377–394. doi: 10.2298/FID1702377R.
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